1 #include <lunaix/clock.h>
2 #include <lunaix/ds/mutex.h>
3 #include <lunaix/input.h>
4 #include <lunaix/isrm.h>
5 #include <lunaix/keyboard.h>
6 #include <lunaix/syslog.h>
7 #include <lunaix/timer.h>
11 #include <klibc/string.h>
14 #include <sys/interrupts.h>
15 #include <sys/port_io.h>
17 #define PS2_PORT_ENC_DATA 0x60
18 #define PS2_PORT_ENC_CMDREG 0x60
19 #define PS2_PORT_CTRL_STATUS 0x64
20 #define PS2_PORT_CTRL_CMDREG 0x64
22 #define PS2_STATUS_OFULL 0x1
23 #define PS2_STATUS_IFULL 0x2
25 #define PS2_RESULT_ACK 0xfa
26 #define PS2_RESULT_NAK 0xfe // resend
27 #define PS2_RESULT_ECHO 0xee
28 #define PS2_RESULT_TEST_OK 0x55
30 // PS/2 keyboard device related commands
31 #define PS2_KBD_CMD_SETLED 0xed
32 #define PS2_KBD_CMD_ECHO 0xee
33 #define PS2_KBD_CMD_SCANCODE_SET 0xf0
34 #define PS2_KBD_CMD_IDENTIFY 0xf2
35 #define PS2_KBD_CMD_SCAN_ENABLE 0xf4
36 #define PS2_KBD_CMD_SCAN_DISABLE 0xf5
38 // PS/2 *controller* related commands
39 #define PS2_CMD_PORT1_DISABLE 0xad
40 #define PS2_CMD_PORT1_ENABLE 0xae
41 #define PS2_CMD_PORT2_DISABLE 0xa7
42 #define PS2_CMD_PORT2_ENABLE 0xa8
43 #define PS2_CMD_SELFTEST 0xaa
44 #define PS2_CMD_SELFTEST_PORT1 0xab
46 #define PS2_CMD_READ_CFG 0x20
47 #define PS2_CMD_WRITE_CFG 0x60
49 #define PS2_CFG_P1INT 0x1
50 #define PS2_CFG_P2INT 0x2
51 #define PS2_CFG_TRANSLATION 0x40
53 #define PS2_DELAY 1000
55 #define PS2_CMD_QUEUE_SIZE 8
57 #define PS2_NO_ARG 0xff00
69 volatile kbd_kstate_t key_state;
70 kbd_keycode_t* translation_table;
75 struct ps2_cmd cmd_queue[PS2_CMD_QUEUE_SIZE];
82 * @brief 向PS/2控制器的控制端口(0x64)发送指令并等待返回代码。
83 * 注意,对于没有返回代码的命令请使用`ps2_post_cmd`,否则会造成死锁。
84 * 通过调用该方法向控制器发送指令,请区别 ps2_issue_dev_cmd
90 ps2_issue_cmd(char cmd, u16_t arg);
93 * @brief 向PS/2控制器的编码器端口(0x60)发送指令并等待返回代码。
94 * 注意,对于没有返回代码的命令请使用`ps2_post_cmd`,否则会造成死锁。
95 * 通过调用该方法向PS/2设备发送指令,请区别 ps2_issue_cmd
101 ps2_issue_dev_cmd(char cmd, u16_t arg);
104 * @brief 向PS/2控制器发送指令,不等待返回代码。
112 ps2_post_cmd(u8_t port, char cmd, u16_t arg);
115 ps2_device_post_cmd(char cmd, char arg);
118 ps2_process_cmd(void* arg);
120 #define PS2_DEV_CMD_MAX_ATTEMPTS 5
124 static struct ps2_cmd_queue cmd_q;
125 static struct ps2_kbd_state kbd_state;
127 #define KEY_NUM(x) (x + 0x30)
128 #define KEY_NPAD(x) ON_KEYPAD(KEY_NUM(x))
130 // 我们使用 Scancode Set 2
135 static kbd_keycode_t scancode_set2[] = {
136 0, KEY_F9, 0, KEY_F5, KEY_F3, KEY_F1, KEY_F2, KEY_F12, 0, KEY_F10, KEY_F8, KEY_F6,
137 KEY_F4, KEY_HTAB, '`', 0, 0, KEY_LALT, KEY_LSHIFT, 0, KEY_LCTRL, 'q', KEY_NUM(1),
138 0, 0, 0, 'z', 's', 'a', 'w', KEY_NUM(2), 0, 0, 'c', 'x', 'd', 'e', KEY_NUM(4), KEY_NUM(3),
139 0, 0, KEY_SPACE, 'v', 'f', 't', 'r', KEY_NUM(5),
140 0, 0, 'n', 'b', 'h', 'g', 'y', KEY_NUM(6), 0, 0, 0, 'm', 'j', 'u', KEY_NUM(7), KEY_NUM(8),
141 0, 0, ',', 'k', 'i', 'o', KEY_NUM(0), KEY_NUM(9), 0, 0, '.', '/', 'l', ';', 'p', '-', 0, 0,
142 0, '\'', 0, '[', '=', 0, 0, KEY_CAPSLK, KEY_RSHIFT, KEY_LF, ']', 0, '\\', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
143 0, KEY_BS, 0, 0, KEY_NPAD(1), 0, KEY_NPAD(4), KEY_NPAD(7), 0, 0, 0, KEY_NPAD(0), ON_KEYPAD('.'),
144 KEY_NPAD(2), KEY_NPAD(5), KEY_NPAD(6), KEY_NPAD(8), KEY_ESC, KEY_NUMSLK, KEY_F11, ON_KEYPAD('+'),
145 KEY_NPAD(3), ON_KEYPAD('-'), ON_KEYPAD('*'), KEY_NPAD(9), KEY_SCRLLK, 0, 0, 0, 0, KEY_F7
148 // 一些特殊的键码(以 0xe0 位前缀的)
149 static kbd_keycode_t scancode_set2_ex[] = {
150 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, KEY_RALT, 0, 0,
151 KEY_RCTRL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
152 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
153 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ON_KEYPAD('/'), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
154 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ON_KEYPAD(KEY_LF), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
155 KEY_END, 0, KEY_LEFT, KEY_HOME,
156 0, 0, 0, KEY_INSERT, KEY_DELETE, KEY_DOWN, 0, KEY_RIGHT, KEY_UP, 0, 0,
157 0, 0, KEY_PG_DOWN, 0, 0, KEY_PG_UP
160 // 用于处理 Shift+<key> 的情况
161 static kbd_keycode_t scancode_set2_shift[] = {
162 0, KEY_F9, 0, KEY_F5, KEY_F3, KEY_F1, KEY_F2, KEY_F12, 0, KEY_F10, KEY_F8, KEY_F6,
163 KEY_F4, KEY_HTAB, '~', 0, 0, KEY_LALT, KEY_LSHIFT, 0, KEY_LCTRL, 'Q', '!',
164 0, 0, 0, 'Z', 'S', 'A', 'W', '@', 0, 0, 'C', 'X', 'D', 'E', '$', '#',
165 0, 0, KEY_SPACE, 'V', 'F', 'T', 'R', '%',
166 0, 0, 'N', 'B', 'H', 'G', 'Y', '^', 0, 0, 0, 'M', 'J', 'U', '&', '*',
167 0, 0, '<', 'K', 'I', 'O', ')', '(', 0, 0, '>', '?', 'L', ':', 'P', '_', 0, 0,
168 0, '"', 0, '{', '+', 0, 0, KEY_CAPSLK, KEY_RSHIFT, KEY_LF, '}', 0, '|', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
169 0, KEY_BS, 0, 0, KEY_NPAD(1), 0, KEY_NPAD(4), KEY_NPAD(7), 0, 0, 0, KEY_NPAD(0), ON_KEYPAD('.'),
170 KEY_NPAD(2), KEY_NPAD(5), KEY_NPAD(6), KEY_NPAD(8), KEY_ESC, KEY_NUMSLK, KEY_F11, ON_KEYPAD('+'),
171 KEY_NPAD(3), ON_KEYPAD('-'), ON_KEYPAD('*'), KEY_SCRLLK, 0, 0, 0, 0, KEY_F7
176 static struct input_device* kbd_idev;
178 #define KBD_STATE_KWAIT 0x00
179 #define KBD_STATE_KSPECIAL 0x01
180 #define KBD_STATE_KRELEASED 0x02
181 #define KBD_STATE_E012 0x03
182 #define KBD_STATE_KRELEASED_E0 0x04
183 #define KBD_STATE_CMDPROCS 0x40
185 // #define KBD_ENABLE_SPIRQ_FIX
186 #define KBD_ENABLE_SPIRQ_FIX2
187 // #define KBD_DBGLOG
190 intr_ps2_kbd_handler(const isr_param* param);
193 ps2_issue_cmd_wretry(char cmd, u16_t arg);
196 ps2_device_post_cmd(char cmd, char arg)
198 mutex_lock(&cmd_q.mutex);
199 int index = (cmd_q.queue_ptr + cmd_q.queue_len) % PS2_CMD_QUEUE_SIZE;
200 if (index == cmd_q.queue_ptr && cmd_q.queue_len) {
202 mutex_unlock(&cmd_q.mutex);
206 struct ps2_cmd* container = &cmd_q.cmd_queue[index];
207 container->cmd = cmd;
208 container->arg = arg;
212 mutex_unlock(&cmd_q.mutex);
216 ps2_kbd_init(struct device_def* devdef)
219 memset(&cmd_q, 0, sizeof(cmd_q));
220 memset(&kbd_state, 0, sizeof(kbd_state));
222 mutex_init(&cmd_q.mutex);
224 kbd_state.translation_table = scancode_set2;
225 kbd_state.state = KBD_STATE_KWAIT;
227 kbd_idev = input_add_device(&devdef->class, devdef->name);
229 /* FIXME This require systematical rework! */
230 // acpi_context* acpi_ctx = acpi_get_context();
231 // if (acpi_ctx->fadt.header.rev > 1) {
234 // 只有当前ACPI版本大于1时,我们才使用FADT的IAPC_BOOT_ARCH去判断8042是否存在。
235 // * 这是一个坑,在ACPI v1中,这个字段是reserved!而这及至ACPI
237 // * 需要注意:Bochs 和 QEMU 使用的是ACPI v1,而非 v2
238 // * (virtualbox好像是v4)
242 // QEMU在7.0.0版本中,修复了FADT::IAPC_BOOT无法正确提供关于i8042的信息的bug
243 // * https://wiki.qemu.org/ChangeLog/7.0#ACPI_.2F_SMBIOS
246 // 请看Bochs的bios源码(QEMU的BIOS其实是照抄bochs的,所以也是一个德行。。):
248 // https://bochs.sourceforge.io/cgi-bin/lxr/source/bios/rombios32.c#L1314
250 // if (!(acpi_ctx->fadt.boot_arch & IAPC_ARCH_8042)) {
251 // ERROR("not found\n");
252 // // FUTURE: Some alternative fallback on this? Check PCI bus for
254 // // controller instead?
258 // WARN("outdated FADT used, assuming exists.\n");
263 cpu_disable_interrupt();
266 ps2_post_cmd(PS2_PORT_CTRL_CMDREG, PS2_CMD_PORT1_DISABLE, PS2_NO_ARG);
267 ps2_post_cmd(PS2_PORT_CTRL_CMDREG, PS2_CMD_PORT2_DISABLE, PS2_NO_ARG);
270 port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_ENC_DATA);
272 // 3、屏蔽所有PS/2设备(端口1&2)IRQ,并且禁用键盘键码转换功能
273 result = ps2_issue_cmd(PS2_CMD_READ_CFG, PS2_NO_ARG);
274 result = result & ~(PS2_CFG_P1INT | PS2_CFG_P2INT);
275 ps2_post_cmd(PS2_PORT_CTRL_CMDREG, PS2_CMD_WRITE_CFG, result);
278 result = ps2_issue_cmd_wretry(PS2_CMD_SELFTEST, PS2_NO_ARG);
279 if (result != PS2_RESULT_TEST_OK) {
280 WARN("controller self-test failed. (%x)", result);
284 // 5、设备自检(端口1自检,通常是我们的键盘)
285 result = ps2_issue_cmd_wretry(PS2_CMD_SELFTEST_PORT1, PS2_NO_ARG);
287 ERROR("interface test on port 1 failed. (%x)", result);
291 ps2_post_cmd(PS2_PORT_CTRL_CMDREG, PS2_CMD_PORT2_DISABLE, PS2_NO_ARG);
293 // 6、开启位于端口1的 IRQ,并启用端口1。不用理会端口2,那儿一般是鼠标。
294 ps2_post_cmd(PS2_PORT_CTRL_CMDREG, PS2_CMD_PORT1_ENABLE, PS2_NO_ARG);
295 result = ps2_issue_cmd(PS2_CMD_READ_CFG, PS2_NO_ARG);
296 // 重新设置配置字节,因为控制器自检有可能重置我们先前做的改动。
297 result = (result | PS2_CFG_P1INT) & ~(PS2_CFG_TRANSLATION | PS2_CFG_P2INT);
298 ps2_post_cmd(PS2_PORT_CTRL_CMDREG, PS2_CMD_WRITE_CFG, result);
300 // 至此,PS/2控制器和设备已完成初始化,可以正常使用。
303 * 一切准备就绪后,我们才教ioapic去启用IRQ#1。
304 * 至于为什么要在这里,原因是:初始化所使用的一些指令可能会导致IRQ#1的触发(因为返回码),或者是一些什么
305 * 情况导致IRQ#1的误触发(可能是未初始化导致IRQ#1线上不稳定)。于是这些IRQ#1会堆积在APIC的队列里(因为此时我们正在
306 * 初始化8042,屏蔽了所有中断,IF=0)。
307 * 当sti后,这些堆积的中断会紧跟着递送进CPU里,导致我们的键盘handler误认为由按键按下,从而将这个毫无意义的数值加入
310 * 所以,保险的方法是:在初始化后才去设置ioapic,这样一来我们就能有一个稳定的IRQ#1以放心使用。
312 isrm_bindirq(PC_AT_IRQ_KBD, intr_ps2_kbd_handler);
314 cpu_enable_interrupt();
322 ps2_process_cmd(void* arg)
325 * 检查锁是否已被启用,如果启用,则表明该timer中断发生时,某个指令正在入队。
326 * 如果是这种情况则跳过,留到下一轮再尝试处理。
327 * 注意,这里其实是ISR的一部分(timer中断),对于单核CPU来说,ISR等同于单个的原子操作。
328 * (因为EFLAGS.IF=0,所有可屏蔽中断被屏蔽。对于NMI的情况,那么就直接算是triple
330 * 所以,假若我们遵从互斥锁的严格定义(即这里需要阻塞),那么中断将会被阻塞,进而造成死锁。
332 * 会不会产生指令堆积?不会,因为指令发送的频率远远低于指令队列清空的频率。在目前,我们发送的唯一指令
333 * 就只是用来开关键盘上的LED灯(如CAPSLOCK)。
335 if (mutex_on_hold(&cmd_q.mutex) || !cmd_q.queue_len) {
340 struct ps2_cmd* pending_cmd = &cmd_q.cmd_queue[cmd_q.queue_ptr];
344 // 尝试将命令发送至PS/2键盘(通过PS/2控制器)
345 // 如果不成功(0x60 IO口返回 0xfe,即 NAK i.e. Resend)
348 result = ps2_issue_dev_cmd(pending_cmd->cmd, pending_cmd->arg);
349 #ifdef KBD_ENABLE_SPIRQ_FIX
350 kbd_state.state += KBD_STATE_CMDPROCS;
353 } while (result == PS2_RESULT_NAK && attempts < PS2_DEV_CMD_MAX_ATTEMPTS);
354 // XXX: 是否需要处理不成功的指令?
356 cmd_q.queue_ptr = (cmd_q.queue_ptr + 1) % PS2_CMD_QUEUE_SIZE;
361 kbd_buffer_key_event(kbd_keycode_t key, u8_t scancode, kbd_kstate_t state)
364 forgive me on these ugly bit-level tricks,
365 I really hate doing branching on these "fliping switch" things
367 if (key == KEY_CAPSLK) {
368 kbd_state.key_state ^= KBD_KEY_FCAPSLKED & -state;
369 } else if (key == KEY_NUMSLK) {
370 kbd_state.key_state ^= KBD_KEY_FNUMBLKED & -state;
371 } else if (key == KEY_SCRLLK) {
372 kbd_state.key_state ^= KBD_KEY_FSCRLLKED & -state;
374 if ((key & MODIFR)) {
375 kbd_kstate_t tmp = (KBD_KEY_FLSHIFT_HELD << (key & 0x00ff));
376 kbd_state.key_state = (kbd_state.key_state & ~tmp) | (tmp & -state);
377 } else if (!(key & 0xff00) &&
378 (kbd_state.key_state &
379 (KBD_KEY_FLSHIFT_HELD | KBD_KEY_FRSHIFT_HELD))) {
380 key = scancode_set2_shift[scancode];
382 state = state | kbd_state.key_state;
383 key = key & (0xffdf |
384 -('a' > key || key > 'z' || !(state & KBD_KEY_FCAPSLKED)));
386 struct input_evt_pkt ipkt = { .pkt_type = (state & KBD_KEY_FPRESSED)
389 .scan_code = scancode,
390 .sys_code = (state << 16) | key };
392 input_fire_event(kbd_idev, &ipkt);
397 if (state & KBD_KEY_FPRESSED) {
398 // Ooops, this guy generates irq!
399 ps2_device_post_cmd(PS2_KBD_CMD_SETLED,
400 (kbd_state.key_state >> 1) & 0x00ff);
405 intr_ps2_kbd_handler(const isr_param* param)
408 // This is important! Don't believe me? try comment it out and run on Bochs!
409 // while (!(port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_CTRL_STATUS) & PS2_STATUS_OFULL))
412 // I know you are tempting to move this chunk after the keyboard state
413 // check. But DO NOT. This chunk is in right place and right order. Moving
414 // it at your own risk This is to ensure we've cleared the output buffer
415 // everytime, so it won't pile up across irqs.
416 u8_t scancode = port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_ENC_DATA);
420 * 判断键盘是否处在指令发送状态,防止误触发。(伪输入中断)
421 * 这是因为我们需要向ps/2设备发送指令(比如控制led灯),而指令会有返回码。
422 * 这就会有可能导致ps/2控制器在受到我们的命令后(在ps2_process_cmd中),
423 * 产生IRQ#1中断(虽然说这种情况取决于底层BIOS实现,但还是会发生,比如QEMU和bochs)。
424 * 所以这就是说,当IRQ#1中断产生时,我们的CPU正处在另一个ISR中。这样就会导致所有的外部中断被缓存在APIC内部的
425 * FIFO队列里,进行排队等待(APIC长度为二的队列 {IRR, TMR};参考 Intel
426 * Manual Vol.3A 10.8.4)
427 * 那么当ps2_process_cmd执行完后(内嵌在#APIC_TIMER_IV),CPU返回EOI给APIC,APIC紧接着将排在队里的IRQ#1发送给CPU
428 * 造成误触发。也就是说,我们此时读入的scancode实则上是上一个指令的返回代码。
431 * 但是这种方法有个问题,那就是,假若我们的某一个命令失败了一次,ps/2给出0xfe,我们重传,ps/2收到指令并给出0xfa。
432 * 那么这样一来,将会由两个连续的IRQ#1产生。而APIC是最多可以缓存两个IRQ,于是我们就会漏掉一个IRQ,依然会误触发。
438 * 这种累加掩码的操作是基于只有一号IRQ产生的中断的假设,万一中间夹杂了别的中断?Race
441 * 不很稳定x1,假如连续4次发送失败,那么就会导致累加的掩码上溢出,从而导致下述判断失败。
443 #ifdef KBD_ENABLE_SPIRQ_FIX
444 if ((kbd_state.state & 0xc0)) {
445 kbd_state.state -= KBD_STATE_CMDPROCS;
451 #ifdef KBD_ENABLE_SPIRQ_FIX2
452 if (scancode == PS2_RESULT_ACK || scancode == PS2_RESULT_NAK) {
453 ps2_process_cmd(NULL);
459 DEBUG("%x\n", scancode & 0xff);
462 switch (kbd_state.state) {
463 case KBD_STATE_KWAIT:
464 if (scancode == 0xf0) { // release code
465 kbd_state.state = KBD_STATE_KRELEASED;
466 } else if (scancode == 0xe0) {
467 kbd_state.state = KBD_STATE_KSPECIAL;
468 kbd_state.translation_table = scancode_set2_ex;
470 key = kbd_state.translation_table[scancode];
471 kbd_buffer_key_event(key, scancode, KBD_KEY_FPRESSED);
474 case KBD_STATE_KSPECIAL:
475 if (scancode == 0x12) {
476 kbd_state.state = KBD_STATE_E012;
477 } else if (scancode == 0xf0) { // release code
478 kbd_state.state = KBD_STATE_KRELEASED_E0;
480 key = kbd_state.translation_table[scancode];
481 kbd_buffer_key_event(key, scancode, KBD_KEY_FPRESSED);
483 kbd_state.state = KBD_STATE_KWAIT;
484 kbd_state.translation_table = scancode_set2;
487 // handle the '0xE0, 0x12, 0xE0, xx' sequence
489 if (scancode == 0xe0) {
490 kbd_state.state = KBD_STATE_KSPECIAL;
491 kbd_state.translation_table = scancode_set2_ex;
494 case KBD_STATE_KRELEASED_E0:
495 if (scancode == 0x12) {
499 case KBD_STATE_KRELEASED:
500 key = kbd_state.translation_table[scancode];
501 kbd_buffer_key_event(key, scancode, KBD_KEY_FRELEASED);
504 // reset the translation table to scancode_set2
505 kbd_state.state = KBD_STATE_KWAIT;
506 kbd_state.translation_table = scancode_set2;
515 ps2_issue_cmd(char cmd, u16_t arg)
517 ps2_post_cmd(PS2_PORT_CTRL_CMDREG, cmd, arg);
519 // 等待PS/2控制器返回。通过轮询(polling)状态寄存器的 bit 0
520 // 如置位,则表明返回代码此时就在 0x60 IO口上等待读取。
521 while (!(port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_CTRL_STATUS) & PS2_STATUS_OFULL))
524 return port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_ENC_CMDREG);
528 ps2_issue_cmd_wretry(char cmd, u16_t arg)
531 while ((r = ps2_issue_cmd(cmd, arg)) == PS2_RESULT_NAK && c < 5) {
535 WARN("max attempt reached.");
541 ps2_post_cmd(u8_t port, char cmd, u16_t arg)
543 // 等待PS/2输入缓冲区清空,这样我们才可以写入命令
544 while (port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_CTRL_STATUS) & PS2_STATUS_IFULL)
547 port_wrbyte(port, cmd);
548 port_delay(PS2_DELAY);
550 if (!(arg & PS2_NO_ARG)) {
552 while (port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_CTRL_STATUS) & PS2_STATUS_IFULL)
554 port_wrbyte(PS2_PORT_ENC_CMDREG, (u8_t)(arg & 0x00ff));
555 port_delay(PS2_DELAY);
560 ps2_issue_dev_cmd(char cmd, u16_t arg)
562 ps2_post_cmd(PS2_PORT_ENC_CMDREG, cmd, arg);
564 // 等待PS/2控制器返回。通过轮询(polling)状态寄存器的 bit 0
565 // 如置位,则表明返回代码此时就在 0x60 IO口上等待读取。
566 while (!(port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_CTRL_STATUS) & PS2_STATUS_OFULL))
569 return port_rdbyte(PS2_PORT_ENC_CMDREG);
572 static struct device_def devrtc_i8042kbd = {
573 .name = "i8042 Keyboard",
574 .class = DEVCLASS(DEVIF_SOC, DEVFN_INPUT, DEV_KBD),
577 EXPORT_DEVICE(i8042_kbd, &devrtc_i8042kbd, load_onboot);